Breakthrough Prize 2014: Winners

Recipients

1. Alexander Varshavsky

   Biology

   for discovering critical molecular determinants and biological functions of intracellular protein degradation.

2. James P. Allison

   Biology

   for the discovery of T cell checkpoint blockade as effective cancer therapy.

3. Mahlon DeLong

   Biology

   for defining the interlocking circuits in the brain that malfunction in Parkinson's disease – this scientific foundation underlies the circuit-based treatment of Parkinson's disease by deep brain stimulation.

4. Michael N. Hall

   Biology

   for the discovery of Target of Rapamycin (TOR) and its role in cell growth control.

5. Richard P. Lifton

   Biology

   for the discovery of genes and biochemical mechanisms that cause hypertension.

6. Robert S. Langer

   Biology

   for discoveries leading to the development of controlled drug-release systems and new biomaterials.