Alfred G. Knudson

Awards

1. 1997

   Canada Gairdner International Award

   Biology

   For his development of a two-hit mutational hypothesis for the origin of cancer that related hereditary and non-hereditary forms of retinoblastoma and other tumors; this hypothesis has become a paradigm for mutational theories on the origins of cancer and led directly to the concept of suppressor oncogenes.

2. 1998

   Lasker Award — Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award

   Biology

   For incisive studies in patient-oriented research that paved the way for identifying genetic alterations that cause cancer in humans and that allow for cancer diagnosis in patients at the molecular level.

3. 2004

   Kyoto Prize — Basic Sciences

   Biology

   Seminal contribution to the establishment of the theory of the tumor suppressor gene in the mechanism of human carcinogenesis