Nobel Prize 2011: Winners

Recipients

1. Chemistry

   Dan Shechtman

   Chemistry

   for the discovery of quasicrystals

2. Medicine

   Bruce A. Beutler, Jules A. Hoffmann

   Biology

   for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity

3. Medicine

   Ralph M. Steinman

   Biology

   for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity

4. Physics

   Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt, Adam G. Riess

   Physics

   for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae