Nobel Prize 1949: Winners

Recipients

1. Chemistry

   William Francis Giauque

   Chemistry

   for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures

2. Medicine

   Walter Rudolf Hess

   Biology

   for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs

3. Medicine

   Antonio Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz

   Biology

   for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses

4. Physics

   Hideki Yukawa

   Physics

   for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces