Nobel Prize 2009: Winners

Recipients

1. Chemistry

   Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz, Ada E. Yonath

   Chemistry

   for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome

2. Medicine

   Elizabeth H. Blackburn, Carol W. Greider, Jack W. Szostak

   Biology

   for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase

3. Physics

   Charles Kuen Kao

   Physics

   for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication

4. Physics

   Willard S. Boyle, George E. Smith

   Physics

   for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit - the CCD sensor